中國網站品牌欄目（頻道）
(六)以創新支撐和引領經濟結構優化升級。
6. Using innovation to support and lead economic structural improvement and upgrading
創新是經濟結構調整優化的原動力。要把創新擺在國家發展全局的核心位置，促進科技與經濟社會發展緊密結合，推動我國產業向全球價值鏈高端躍升。
Innovation is the motive force for adjusting and upgrading the economic structure. We need to make innovation the core of China's development endeavors, promote the full integration of science and technology with economic and social development, and elevate China's industries to the high range of the global value chain.
加快科技體制改革。強化企業在技術創新中的主體地位，鼓勵企業設立研發機構，牽頭構建產學研協同創新聯盟。全面落實企業研發費用加計扣除等普惠性措施。把國家自主創新示范區股權激勵、科技成果處置權收益權改革等試點政策，擴大到更多科技園區和科教單位。
We will accelerate reform of the science and technology management system. We will strengthen the leading role businesses play in making technological innovation, encourage enterprises to set up research institutes, take the lead in establishing industry-academia-research collaboration in making innovation, and comprehensively implement preferential policies such as extra deductions for businesses' R&D expenses. More science parks and scientific and educational institutions will be covered by the trial reform policy that gives national innovation demonstration zones equity-based incentives for making innovation and the right to transfer and profit from their scientific and technological advances.
加大政府對基礎研究、前沿技術、社會公益技術、重大共性關鍵技術的投入，健全公共科技服務平臺，完善科技重大專項實施機制。改進與加強科研項目和資金管理，實行國家創新調查和科技報告制度，鼓勵科研人員創辦企業。加強知識產權保護和運用。深入實施人才發展規劃，統籌重大人才工程，鼓勵企業建立研發人員報酬與市場業績掛鉤機制，使人才的貢獻與回報相匹配，讓各類人才脫穎而出、人盡其才、才盡其用。
We will increase government spending on basic research and research on cutting-edge technologies, technologies for the public good and key standard technologies, and we will improve public science and technology service platforms and the mechanism for launching major science and technology programs. We will improve and strengthen the management of research projects and their funding, introduce the system of national innovation surveying and science and technology reporting, and encourage researchers and engineers to set up businesses. The protection and use of intellectual property rights will be strengthened. We will work to propagate scientific knowledge and foster a scientific spirit. We will fully implement the talent development plan, coordinate major programs for nurturing and attracting talent, and encourage the establishment of a mechanism to link researchers' pay with the market value of their research so that researchers' contributions are matched by their rewards. This will enable outstanding individuals of various types to come forth in large numbers, and their talent will be fully unleashed.
產業結構調整要依靠改革，進退并舉。進，要更加積極有為。優先發展生產性服務業，推進服務業綜合改革試點和示范建設，促進文化創意和設計服務與相關產業融合發展，加快發展保險、商務、科技等服務業。促進信息化與工業化深度融合，推動企業加快技術改造、提升精準管理水平，完善設備加速折舊等政策，增強傳統產業競爭力。設立新興產業創業創新平臺，在新一代移動通信、集成電路、大數據、先進制造、新能源、新材料等方面趕超先進，引領未來產業發展。
In making industrial structural adjustment, we will rely on reform and support growth in some sectors while curbing excess and outdated production capacity in others. We will support growth more vigorously. We will give high priority to developing production-oriented service industries, and carry out pilot and demonstration projects to advance the comprehensive reform of the service industry. We will integrate the development of cultural and creative industries as well as design services with related industries, and speed up the development of insurance, business, and science and technology services. We will promote full integration of IT application with industrialization, encourage businesses to accelerate technological upgrading, make management more precise, improve the policy for accelerating equipment depreciation, and make traditional industries more competitive. We will build a platform for supporting business startups and innovation in emerging industries. We will strive to catch up with and overtake advanced countries in areas of new-generation mobile communications, integrated circuits, big data, advanced manufacturing, new energy and new materials, and to guide the development of emerging industries.
退，要更加主動有序。堅持通過市場競爭實現優勝劣汰，鼓勵企業兼并重組。對產能嚴重過剩行業，強化環保、能耗、技術等標準，清理各種優惠政策，消化一批存量，嚴控新上增量。今年要淘汰鋼鐵2700萬噸、水泥4200萬噸、平板玻璃3500萬標準箱等落后產能，確保“十二五”淘汰任務提前一年完成，真正做到壓下來，決不再反彈。
We will curb excess and outdated production capacity in a more proactive and orderly manner. We will let market competition determine which businesses survive, and encourage business acquisitions and reorganizations. In industries with severe overcapacity, we will strengthen environmental protection, energy consumption, and technology standards; abolish preferential policies; absorb some excess production capacity and strictly control increases in production capacity. This year, we will reduce outdated production capacity of 27 million metric tons of steel, 42 million metric tons of cement and 35 million standard containers of plate glass. We will ensure that the target for reducing outdated production capacity set in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan is met one year ahead of schedule, and make sure that these reductions are permanent and such production capacity does not increase again.
(七)加強教育、衛生、文化等社會建設。
7. Accelerating the development of education, health, culture and other social programs
繁榮發展社會事業是促進社會公正、增進人民福祉的有效途徑。要深化社會體制改革，以更大的投入和更有力的舉措，推動經濟社會協調發展。
Boosting the development of social programs is an effective way to promote social justice and increase people's happiness. We need to deepen reform of the social system and promote coordinated economic and social development by increasing spending and adopting stronger measures.
促進教育事業優先發展、公平發展。繼續加大教育資源向中西部和農村傾斜，促進義務教育均衡發展。全面改善貧困地區義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件。貧困地區農村學生上重點高校人數要再增長10％以上，使更多農家子弟有升學機會。加強農村特別是邊遠貧困地區教師隊伍建設，擴大優質教育資源覆蓋面，改善貧困地區農村兒童營養狀況。
We will give high priority to developing education and making it more equitable. We will continue to allocate more education resources to the central and western regions and rural areas and promote the balanced development of compulsory education. We will comprehensively improve conditions in poorly built and run schools providing compulsory education in poor areas. The number of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities will again be increased by more than 10%, and this will give rural children more opportunity to receive higher education. We will raise the competence of rural teachers, especially in poor and border areas, expand the reach of quality education resources and improve the nutrition of children in poor rural areas.
發展學前教育。實施特殊教育提升計劃。繼續增加中央財政教育投入，提高使用效率并強化監督。深化教育綜合改革，積極穩妥改革考試招生制度，擴大省級政府教育統籌權和高校辦學自主權，鼓勵發展民辦學校。加快構建以就業為導向的現代職業教育體系。我們要為下一代提供良好的教育，努力使每一個孩子有公平的發展機會。
We will develop preschool education and implement the plan to improve special education. We will continue to increase central government spending on education, use it more effectively and strengthen oversight over its use. We will deepen comprehensive education reform and actively and prudently reform the school examination and enrollment systems. We will expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, give institutions of higher learning more decision-making power, and encourage the development of private schools. We will accelerate the establishment of an employment-oriented modern vocational education system. We will provide quality education to the next generation and work hard to ensure that all children have an equal opportunity to develop.
推動醫改向縱深發展。鞏固全民基本醫保，通過改革整合城鄉居民基本醫療保險制度。完善政府、單位和個人合理分擔的基本醫療保險籌資機制，城鄉居民基本醫保財政補助標準提高到人均320元。在全國推行城鄉居民大病保險。加強城鄉醫療救助、疾病應急救助。縣級公立醫院綜合改革試點擴大到1000個縣，覆蓋農村5億人口。
We will deepen medical reform. We will consolidate the national basic medical insurance system and integrate the basic medical insurance system for rural residents with that for non-working urban residents through reform. We will improve the mechanism for the government, employer and employee to share the costs of basic medical insurance. The annual government subsidy for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will be increased to 320 yuan per person. The major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents will be introduced nationwide. We will strengthen urban and rural medical assistance and emergency assistance for disease treatment. Trial comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals will be extended to cover 1,000 counties and 500 million rural residents. We will expand trial comprehensive reforms of urban public hospitals.
擴大城市公立醫院綜合改革試點。破除以藥補醫，理順醫藥價格，創新社會資本辦醫機制。鞏固完善基本藥物制度和基層醫療衛生機構運行新機制。健全分級診療體系，加強全科醫生培養，推進醫師多點執業，讓群眾能夠就近享受優質醫療服務。
We will abolish the practice of compensating for low medical service charges with high drug prices, adjust the prices of medical care and drugs, and create a mechanism for running hospitals by nongovernmental capital. We will consolidate and improve the system of using basic medicines and the new mechanisms for operating community-level clinics. We will improve the system of tiered medical services, strengthen training of general practitioners, and allow doctors to work in more than one medical institution so that people have easy access to quality medical services.
構建和諧醫患關系。提高重大傳染病、慢性病和職業病、地方病防治能力，人均基本公共服務經費補助標準增加到35元。扶持中醫藥和民族醫藥事業發展。堅持計劃生育基本國策不動搖，落實一方是獨生子女的夫婦可生育兩個孩子政策。
We will build harmonious relations between doctors and patients.
We will improve our capacity to prevent and treat major communicable and chronic diseases and occupational and endemic diseases. The government subsidy for basic public health services will be increased to 35 yuan per person. We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities. We will unwaveringly adhere to the basic state policy of family planning and will implement the policy that allows married couples to have two children if one parent is a single child.
為了人民的身心健康和家庭幸福，我們一定要堅定不移推進醫改，用中國式辦法解決好這個世界性難題。
We must resolutely press ahead with medical reform and work out a Chinese solution to this global problem so that the Chinese people can enjoy a happier and healthier life.
文化是民族的血脈。要培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀，加強公民道德和精神文明建設。繼續深化文化體制改革，完善文化經濟政策，增強文化整體實力和競爭力。促進基本公共文化服務標準化均等化，發展文化藝術、新聞出版、廣播電影電視、檔案等事業，繁榮發展哲學社會科學，倡導全民閱讀。
Culture is the lifeblood of a nation. We should foster and practice core socialist values, strengthen civic morality, and advance cultural and ethical progress. We will continue to deepen reform of the cultural sector, improve policies pertaining to the cultural economy, and enhance China's overall cultural strength and competitiveness. We will deliver basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way. We will develop culture and arts, the press and publishing, and radio, television and film, and run archives well. We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences. We will encourage the people to read.
提升文化產業發展水平，培育和規范文化市場。傳承和弘揚優秀傳統文化，重視保護文物。加快文化走出去，發展文化貿易，加強國際傳播能力建設，提升國家文化軟實力。發展全民健身、競技體育和體育產業。我國是歷史悠久的文明古國，也一定能建成現代文化強國。
We will enhance the development of cultural industries and foster a well-regulated market for cultural goods. We will carry forward China's cultural traditions and work to protect cultural relics. We will accelerate the spread of Chinese culture overseas, develop cultural trade, strengthen our international broadcasting capabilities, and enhance China's cultural soft power. We will develop fitness activities for everyone, competitive sports and the sports sector. China has an ancient civilization with a long history, and it can certainly develop a strong modern culture.
推進社會治理創新。注重運用法治方式，實行多元主體共同治理。健全村務公開、居務公開和民主管理制度，更好發揮社會組織在公共服務和社會治理中的作用。加強應急管理，提高公共安全和防災救災減災能力，做好地震、氣象、測繪等工作。改革信訪工作制度，及時就近化解社會矛盾。加強行政復議工作。
We will promote innovation in social governance. We will focus on law-based governance and involve all parties in social governance. We will make village and community affairs transparent and strengthen democratic oversight over their management, and get social organizations to play a bigger role in delivering public services and exercising social governance. We will strengthen emergency management, and become better able to ensure public safety, prevent and mitigate disasters and provide disaster relief. We will do our work related to earthquake, meteorology, surveying and mapping well. We will reform the system of handling public complaints made in the form of letters and visits and promptly resolve social problems as they arise. Administrative review will be strengthened.
深入開展普法教育，加大法律援助。加強社會治安綜合治理，堅決打擊暴力恐怖犯罪活動，維護國家安全，形成良好社會秩序。
We will strengthen education in the general knowledge of law and increase legal aid. We will strengthen comprehensive maintenance of public order, crack down hard on violent crimes of terrorism, safeguard China's national security, create good public order, and work together to ensure public security in China.
(八)統籌做好保障和改善民生工作。
8. Making coordinated efforts to ensure and improve people's wellbeing
民惟邦本，本固邦寧。政府工作的根本目的，是讓全體人民過上好日子。要堅持建機制、補短板、兜底線，保障群眾基本生活，不斷提高人民生活水平和質量。
The people are the foundation of a nation, and a nation can enjoy peace only when its foundation is strong. The fundamental goal of a government's work is to ensure that everyone lives a good life. We will continue to build institutions, improve weak links, help those in need of subsistence assistance, ensure everyone has access to basic necessities, and improve people's living standards and quality of life.
就業是民生之本。堅持實施就業優先戰略和更加積極的就業政策，優化就業創業環境，以創新引領創業，以創業帶動就業。今年高校畢業生將達727萬人，要開發更多就業崗位，實施不間斷的就業創業服務，提高大學生就業創業比例。加大對城鎮就業困難人員幫扶力度，確保“零就業”家庭至少有一人就業，做好淘汰落后產能職工安置和再就業工作。統籌農村轉移勞動力、退役軍人等就業工作。努力實現更加充分、更高質量就業，使勞動者生活更加體面、更有尊嚴。
Employment is the basis of people's wellbeing. We will steadfastly implement the strategy of giving top priority to employment and carry out a more energetic employment policy, improve the employment and business startup environment, and foster business startups in an innovative way so they create more jobs. With 7.27 million college students graduating this year, we need to create more jobs, provide non-stop employment and business startup services, and increase the rate of employment and business startup for college graduates. We will increase support for urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, ensure that at least one member in every zero-employment family gets a job, and do a good job in resettling and providing reemployment to workers laid off due to the shutdown of outdated production facilities. We will provide coordinated employment services to rural migrant workers and demobilized service personnel. We will work hard to create more rewarding and higher quality jobs so that people who work can live a decent and dignified life.
收入是民生之源。要深化收入分配體制改革，努力縮小收入差距。健全企業職工工資決定和正常增長機制，推進工資集體協商，構建和諧勞動關系。加強和改進國有企業負責人薪酬管理。改革機關事業單位工資制度，在事業單位逐步推行績效工資，健全醫務人員等適應行業特點的薪酬制度，完善艱苦邊遠地區津貼增長機制。多渠道增加低收入者收入，不斷擴大中等收入者比重。使城鄉居民收入與經濟同步增長，廣大人民群眾普遍感受到得實惠。
Income is the source of people's wellbeing. We will deepen reform of the income distribution system and strive to narrow the income gap. We will improve the mechanism for setting and increasing salaries of enterprise employees on a regular basis, encourage collective wage bargaining and make labor relations harmonious. We will strengthen and improve management of executive compensation in SOEs. We will implement salary reform in government bodies and public institutions, progressively implement a performance-based salary system in public institutions, improve the salary system for medical personnel so that it is compatible with their profession, and improve the mechanism for increasing allowances for working in hardship and remote areas. We will increase the income of low-income groups through multiple channels and steadily increase the proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population. We will increase both urban and rural incomes in step with economic development so that everyone benefits.
社保是民生之基。重點是推進社會救助制度改革，繼續提高城鄉低保水平，全面實施臨時救助制度，為特殊困難群眾基本生活提供保障，為人們創業奮斗解除后顧之憂。建立統一的城鄉居民基本養老保險制度，完善與職工養老保險的銜接辦法，改革機關事業單位養老保險制度，鼓勵發展企業年金、職業年金和商業保險。完善失業保險和工傷保險制度。落實社會救助和保障標準與物價水平掛鉤聯動機制。發展老齡事業，保障婦女權益，關心青少年發展，加強未成年人保護和困境家庭保障，做好殘疾人基本公共服務和殘疾預防，支持慈善事業發展。讓每一個身處困境者都能得到社會關愛和溫暖。
Social security is the foundation of people's wellbeing. We will focus on advancing reform of the social assistance system, continue to raise subsistence allowances to rural and urban residents, implement the system of providing temporary assistance nationwide, provide safeguards to enable extremely vulnerable groups to meet their basic living needs, and improve social services so that people can focus on work. We will establish a unified basic old-age insurance system for both rural and non-working urban residents and improve the way it is linked with the old-age insurance system for working people. We will reform the old-age insurance system for government bodies and public institutions, and encourage the development of enterprise annuities, occupational annuities and commercial insurance. We will improve the system of unemployment insurance and insurance against workplace injury. We will implement a mechanism for increasing social assistance and social security benefits when the cost of living rises. We will develop services for the elderly, protect women's rights and interests, care for the wellbeing of young people, better protect minors, meet the basic living needs of families in straits, provide adequate basic public services to the disabled and effectively prevent disabilities, and support the development of charities. We will make sure that everyone in need receives the support of society and feels its warmth.
完善住房保障機制。以全體人民住有所居為目標，堅持分類指導、分步實施、分級負責，加大保障性安居工程建設力度，今年新開工700萬套以上，其中各類棚戶區470萬套以上，加強配套設施建設。提高大城市保障房比例。推進公租房和廉租房并軌運行。創新政策性住房投融資機制和工具，采取市場化運作方式，為保障房建設提供長期穩定、成本適當的資金支持。各級政府要增加財政投入，提高建設質量，保證公平分配，完善準入退出機制，年內基本建成保障房480萬套，讓翹首以盼的住房困難群眾早日遷入新居。針對不同城市情況分類調控，增加中小套型商品房和共有產權住房供應，抑制投機投資性需求，促進房地產市場持續健康發展。
We will improve the mechanism for providing adequate housing. To achieve the goal of ensuring housing for all, we will build more government-subsidized housing in accordance with the principle of giving targeted guidance, carrying out step-by-step implementation, and having governments at different levels assume their respective responsibilities.This year, construction of over seven million government-subsidized housing units will begin, more than 4.7 million of which will be in rundown urban areas, and construction of related supporting infrastructure will be strengthened. We will increase the proportion of government-subsidized housing in large cities. We will integrate the operation of public and low-cost rental housing. We will improve mechanisms and instruments for securing investment and financing for policy-related housing and use market forces to provide long-term, steady funding support to cover the costs of building government-subsidized housing. Governments at all levels should increase spending on building government-subsidized housing, improve its quality, ensure its fair allotment, and improve the mechanism governing its allotment and re-allotment. By the end of this year, 4.8 million units of such housing should be basically completed so that those in urgent need of housing can move in. We will regulate housing differently in different cities in light of local conditions, increase the supply of small and medium-sized commercial and joint-ownership housing units, curb demand for housing for speculation and investment purposes, and promote sustained and healthy development of the real estate market.
人命關天，安全生產這根弦任何時候都要繃緊。要嚴格執行安全生產法律法規，全面落實安全生產責任制，堅決遏制重特大安全事故發生。大力整頓和規范市場秩序，繼續開展專項整治，嚴厲打擊制售假冒偽劣行為。建立從生產加工到流通消費的全過程監管機制、社會共治制度和可追溯體系，健全從中央到地方直至基層的食品藥品安全監管體制。嚴守法規和標準，用最嚴格的監管、最嚴厲的處罰、最嚴肅的問責，堅決治理餐桌上的污染，切實保障“舌尖上的安全”。
There is nothing more important than human life, so we must always give our full attention to workplace safety. We must strictly enforce laws and regulations on workplace safety, fully implement the responsibility system for it, and resolutely prevent the occurrence of major and very serious work-related accidents. We will energetically improve and maintain market order, continue to carry out targeted clean-up campaigns, and crack down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or shoddy goods. We will institute a monitoring mechanism with full public participation which oversees the whole process from production and processing to distribution and consumption and can trace problems to the source. We will improve safety monitoring systems for food and drugs with the involvement of both central and local governments and participation of community bodies. We will strictly follow laws and regulations and comply with standards, and apply the strictest possible oversight, punishment and accountability to prevent and control food contamination and ensure that every bite of food we eat is safe.
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